Jordan is officially known as Hashemite kingdom of Jordan. It is situated on east bank of river Jordan, in western part of Asia. It borders Iraq to the east and Saudi Arabia to east west. Jordan has only one port of gulf al Aqaba at its southern tip which is shared by other countries also such as Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Israel. Large area of kingdom is covered by Arabian Desert. However northwest part of Jordan is fertile. Its capital is Amman. Official languages are Arabic and English. It has monarchy constitution. Abdullah II is the present king of Jordan and its prime minister is Marouf al bakhit. The monarch is chief executive of armed forces. The king has executive authority which is governed through council of ministers and prime minister. The judicial branch is the independent branch of government. The present Jordan is urbanized. In 2010, according to human development report, Jordan has high human developments. Moreover the kingdom is said to be emerging market and free market economy. It has good relation with United Kingdom and United States. In 1996 the kingdom became the major non –NATO ally of United States. Along with Egypt Jordan is the only country which has diplomatic relations with Israel. Jordan has advanced status with European Union also.
Jordan was under British control even after the World War II. In 1946 united nation approved the request of British government to end the British mandate rule in Transjordan and king Abdullah was selected as first ruler from Hashemite kingdom of Transjordan. In 1951, Abdullah I was assassinated by a Palestinian, his son Tala ruled briefly but because of mental illness he was removed from throne. His son Hussain was not old enough to rule the country hence a committee was formed to rule the Jordan till one year. Hussain ruled the country from 1953 to 1999; he faced many challenges while ruling the country and has become the symbol of unity and stability in Jordan.
